Week 5 Q&A Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week 5 Q&A - Assignment Example Not adhering to this procedure leaves the police subject to the whims of the suspect being interviewed. The police will lack mechanisms to detect lies and misinformation in the absence of shreds of evidence to fall back on. Even circumstantial evidence may help the police in this case. According to Orthmann and Hess (2012), Enterprise theory of investigation is applicable to investigations on white collar cases since it treats spates of crimes committed by an individual as not being a solitary random crime, but rather, as being related to other crimes, to further other criminal organizations. Because of this, enterprise theory helps take down other players in crime at once, as opposed to apprehending smalltime members who are serving powerful players and organizations in crime. As it relates to law, by the term, fruit of the poisonous tree, it is meant, evidence obtained illegally and such, is inadmissible in the court of law, as was seen in the case, Nardone v. United States. The difference between probable cause and reasonable suspicion is that the former refers to there being enough circumstantial evidence or evidence to warrant a search. In turn, reasonable suspicion is the notion that there is enough evidence or circumstantial evidence where reasonable assumptions or logical conclusions are made, to the effect that a crime has been committed (Orthmann and Hess, 2012). The potential pitfalls that can occur if the investigator does not adequately coordinate with the prosecutor before testifying are variable. Some of these pitfalls include: the misunderstanding of the implication of the evidence that has been adduced in the court of law; and the consideration of some (not all) (incriminating and exculpating) evidence. All these may lead to a travesty of

Economic globalization Essay Example for Free

Economic globalization Essay Economic globalization has changed the concept of crime and justice from being unique to one area to now knowing no boundaries. Terrorism is the most recent issue brought before the world and knows no boundaries. Is terrorism a crime that screams for justice? Or a declaration of war? If we use traditional meanings we cannot use the term war because war is started by a state and the terrorist acts of today are by small groups with fundamental ideas. The United States has declared war on terror calling for justice after 911. The world was outraged and shocked. The terrorist attacks were intended to destroy the foundation of western society. The events did not change the world order, but did change the world none the less. Technology that has helped business to go global also enhanced criminal networks to go global also. Global crime begs for global justice. The increase in global crime needs a global response. There has been progress towards global law such as the international criminal tribune that began in the 1990’s for Rwanda and The International Criminal Courts, ICC, created in 1998 in Yugoslavia. These organizations created treaties that were recommended for use by the European Parliament (Delmar-Marty, 287). But the reluctance of the United States to acknowledge a need for global justice has prevented the concept from developing to its fullest potential. How the U. S. defines terrorism conflicts with international interpretation and this fact won’t help to end global crime. International criminal law, on the other hand, would help in global crime. The creation of these global courts would â€Å"guarantee the independence and impartiality of judges, for it recognizes that they represent different legal traditions, including that of Muslim states† (Delmar-Marty, 291). The concept of crime or what is deemed a crime varies from culture to culture, so that fact alone calls for an international court that can accomplish more than relying on each countries law for justice. In the article â€Å"Global Crime Calls for Global Justice†, the author suggests instead of using the word terrorism to decide criminality the term â€Å"crime against humanity† should be used. Giving recognition of universal values that would ensure not only protection of human rights but also dignity of human beings around the globe (2002, 292). So when looking at 911 one should consider it a terrorist act, but instead as a crime against humanity. The global war on terrorism is constricting the flow of financial support to terror groups through Argentina, Paraguay, and Brazil. To circumvent these measures, transnational terrorist organizations are moving deeper into organized criminal activity. This transition poses a tremendous challenge to states struggling with a threat that has changed significantly since September 11. As terror groups transform into hybrid criminal/terror entities and partner with criminal syndicates, the threat to the United States increasing every day. Over the past few years and increasingly in recent months, leading intelligence and national security minds have noted the growing threat created by the transformation and convergence of transnational organized crime and terrorist groups. While there is some debate as to whether these groups are converging or transforming, it is clear that this growing threat is complex and increasingly difficult to counter with standard law enforcement and military counter-measures. As the United States and other nations adjust to the post 911 world of stubborn problems such as the Iraqi insurgency, Afghanistan, and Al Qaeda, the nexus of organized crime and terrorism, especially between the tri-borders of Argentina, Paraguay and Brazil could prolong these challenges and lead to further disruptions and threats to global security and prosperity. Impediments to wholesale cooperation between the two parties remain, but the merging of transnational organized crime and international terrorism in these countries is nonetheless on the rise (Sanderson, 2007). Global economics has truly been the core of crime that is called terrorism. There has been a connection to terrorism and money from oil. In an article by D. Ekman Kaplin he suggests billions of dollars in oil money goes to fund global terror and their networks. The article in U. S. News and World Report showed that I the 1980’s Saudi Arabia’s somewhat official charities became the primary source of funding for the jihad movement that spanned some 20 countries. The money was used to run paramilitary training camps, buy weapons and recruit new members. The charities the Saudi’s had started was in hopes of spreading their fundamentalists ideas globally. The money that was raised went to build hundreds of radical mosques, schools and Islamic centers that supported networks for the jihad movement. This is despite the fact that the United States had knowledge of this since 1996. The U. S. felt that foreign terrorism outweighed fighting terrorism at that time. In 1998, when terrorist struck two U. S. Embassies in East Africa officials in the White House felt a better picture of just how much money and where this money was coming from was needed. This was where the connection was found and it was shocking. The White House enlisted the help of the CIA to answer questions into the funding of Al Qaeda and of the leaders, Osama Bin Laden’s personal finances. Most of the money Al Qaeda had was a direct source of fundraising by Saudi Arabia. An ally to America and the world’s largest producers of oil. Many believed and probably still do today, that Osama Bin Laden’s personal fortune and businesses in Sudan was the source of this funding. William Wechsler, director of the task force NSC (responsible for the investigation), stated that, â€Å"Al Qaeda was a constant fundraising machine† (Kaplan, 18). U. S. officials did not confront the Saudi’s about this fact until after Sept 11, 2001. In 25 years the Saudi’s have been â€Å"the single greatest force in spreading Islamic Fundamentalism. † (20). The Saudi’s unregulated charities have funneled hundreds of millions of dollars to Al Qaeda cells and jihad groups globally. U. S. Ambassadors, CIA station Chiefs and Cabinet secretaries were encouraged by Saudi’s using billions of dollars in contracts, grants and salaries, to turn a blind eye. When Washington refused to confront the Saudi’s on their part of the terrorist’s network. This was the failure point in sounding the alarm of the rising of the jihad movements globally and of the events of 911. The Saudi’s argued that their charities have done an enormous amount of good work and blames the problems on what they call â€Å"renegade offices† (22). Foreign advisor to the crown prince of Saudi Arabia promises that steps are being taken that will ensure that it never happens again. The fear is that some of the Saudi’s charities played more of a role in terrorist activities. These charities helped to make the more primitive jihadists and insurgents into a more sophisticated global movement. It seems that individuals that were spreading the Wahhabist doctrine, a doctrine held by the Saudi royal family, turned out to be the most radical of the believers in the holly wars. They poured huge sums of money into the newly formed Al Qaeda network. According to a 2002 report Al Qaeda and others jihadists received $300 million and $500 million from Saudi Charities and private donors (Kaplan, 2003). To fund the mujahideen in Afghanistan. Washington and Riyadh helped with some $3. billion to aid in the fight with soviets. Bin Laden personally helped gain millions from clerics in the Muslim world to aid in this cause. The Saudi charities were able to operate in some of the hottest spots around the globe. There was no control on how the money was spent, U. S. officials said. The charities were perfect front’s organizations. They provided safe houses, false identities, travel documents and arms. All the organization were able to dispense large amounts of cash with little or no documentation. The private foundations were not what Americans would call charities. At the time terrorism was not views as a threat and the link of Saudi Arabia with terrorism was not deem as important and kept on the back burner (Kaplan, 2003). In 1998 the CIA began an investigation in Chicago which led them to over $1. 2 million terrorist gained from a local chemical firm. The money had been sent t Hamas and the source of the money came from a Saudi charity. Saudi’s spread the money through-out Washington by the millions that helped to buy friends and influences. One group, Carlyle Group in particular, made huge amounts of money dealings with the Saudi’s. Top advisors for the group included former President George H. W. Bush, James Baker, his secretary of state and Frank Carlucci, former Secretary of Defense. Saudi investment in America was as much as $600 billion in U. S. banks and stock markets. In 1998 attacks on the U. S. Embassies in Kenya and Tanzania changed all of that. A Task force on terrorist’s finances was formed and in 1999 the charities were even closer linked to the jihad movement. In June of 2003 Saudi officials finally admitted something had gone very wrong and felt they were not at fault for their shortcomings on how funds from the charities were handled. But in 2003 a lawsuit was filed by the 900 members of families of the victims of 911 totaling over $1 trillion dollars and names Saudi princes, businessmen and charities that handled terrorist responsible for the 911 attacks. Reform for the Saudi’s society will be the ultimate test (Halloran, 2006). Presidents Bush’s military tribunal system is another way of the U. S. is attempting to control crime and terrorism. The system is struggling with issues that range from questions that arise such as, what would qualify an individual as a combatant and are the same rules for war applicable to the war on terror (Waldman, 2006). The United States government has come to another problem with the war on terror. In recent years U. S. anti-terrorism units has been slowly decreasing the assets that were frozen stating the effort to â€Å"lack of urgency† as the reason. President Bush disagrees and believes that in order to stop terrorism the flow of money must stop (Johnson, 2007). Since it is clear that terrorism is here for sometime and funding is a key force to keeping them active and needs to eliminated, it is still clear that international laws governing terror is still another key focus the globe needs to address.

Sport Utility Vehicle Essay -- Vehicles, Cars and Trucks

For as long as there have been roads to drive on, Americans have had a love affair with their cars and trucks. Ever since consumers became interested in car design and styling in the 1920s, the car manufactures have invested in innovation to quench the thirst of the American car buyer (Pauwels, Silva-Risso, Srinivasan, and Hassens, 2004, p. 143). When I was young, September was the time of year when the car manufactures showcased the new models, generating excitement and of course new sales. In the 1990s and 2000s, a new breed of vehicle was introduced, the sport utility vehicle (SUV). This was a marketing term for vehicles similar to the station wagons of the 70s but built on a truck chassis. These vehicles were perceived as rugged and capable of being used off road. Since they were considered trucks, they were less regulated as cars and had poor fuel economy. Nevertheless, these vehicles grew in popularity due to their versatility and low gas prices at the time. However, gas prices in the United States increased in the summer of 2003 before declining in the fall of the year to levels that prevailed in the spring of 2003. Gas prices began another increasing trend in January 2004, which lasted through May of that year before beginning to moderate once again. The average per gallon price reached in May 2004 was 39.1 percent higher than the May 2003 average, and the May 2004 average was 22.5 percent higher than the average price reached in September 2003 (United States Department of Energy, 2011) A reasonable expectation is that increases of this magnitude in gas prices would motivate consumers to purchase more fuel-efficient vehicle for their transportation needs. The trend during the 1990s in the United States had been char... ...data reported year over year sales decreases for full size SUVs. Examples of their reporting includes a decrease of sales for Ford Expedition of 33.6%, Cadillac Escalade down 16.3%, and Chevrolet Tahoe down 11.9% (Healey, & Eldridge, 2004, pp. 10). Today, with gas prices hovering between $3 and $4 per gallon, the customer demand for SUVs has moved from full-sized SUVs to the more fuel midsized and crossover economical models where miles per gallon is significantly higher than models sold in 2003, generally offsetting the increases of gas prices. In general, this hypothesis test along with the supporting data validated that there was a correlation between the price of gas and the sales of full-size SUVs by way of increased manufacture price incentives. This correlation could have been used to direct corporate strategies for future models in the SUV market class. Sport Utility Vehicle Essay -- Vehicles, Cars and Trucks For as long as there have been roads to drive on, Americans have had a love affair with their cars and trucks. Ever since consumers became interested in car design and styling in the 1920s, the car manufactures have invested in innovation to quench the thirst of the American car buyer (Pauwels, Silva-Risso, Srinivasan, and Hassens, 2004, p. 143). When I was young, September was the time of year when the car manufactures showcased the new models, generating excitement and of course new sales. In the 1990s and 2000s, a new breed of vehicle was introduced, the sport utility vehicle (SUV). This was a marketing term for vehicles similar to the station wagons of the 70s but built on a truck chassis. These vehicles were perceived as rugged and capable of being used off road. Since they were considered trucks, they were less regulated as cars and had poor fuel economy. Nevertheless, these vehicles grew in popularity due to their versatility and low gas prices at the time. However, gas prices in the United States increased in the summer of 2003 before declining in the fall of the year to levels that prevailed in the spring of 2003. Gas prices began another increasing trend in January 2004, which lasted through May of that year before beginning to moderate once again. The average per gallon price reached in May 2004 was 39.1 percent higher than the May 2003 average, and the May 2004 average was 22.5 percent higher than the average price reached in September 2003 (United States Department of Energy, 2011) A reasonable expectation is that increases of this magnitude in gas prices would motivate consumers to purchase more fuel-efficient vehicle for their transportation needs. The trend during the 1990s in the United States had been char... ...data reported year over year sales decreases for full size SUVs. Examples of their reporting includes a decrease of sales for Ford Expedition of 33.6%, Cadillac Escalade down 16.3%, and Chevrolet Tahoe down 11.9% (Healey, & Eldridge, 2004, pp. 10). Today, with gas prices hovering between $3 and $4 per gallon, the customer demand for SUVs has moved from full-sized SUVs to the more fuel midsized and crossover economical models where miles per gallon is significantly higher than models sold in 2003, generally offsetting the increases of gas prices. In general, this hypothesis test along with the supporting data validated that there was a correlation between the price of gas and the sales of full-size SUVs by way of increased manufacture price incentives. This correlation could have been used to direct corporate strategies for future models in the SUV market class.

Three Disciplines

The Three Disciplines all appeal to me in some ways, but if I had to choose between anthropology, psychology, and sociology, I would have to choose psychology. The reasoning behind it will be explained in detail but it can be broken down to three main reasons; being the first discipline with verified results and facts rather than unproven theories, having more post-high school opportunities considering that I wish to pursue a career in business, and being the most in-depth discipline. Psychology has more quantitative information, more interesting career opportunities and more systemized in comparison to anthropology and sociology.My character is very self-assured and I am not convinced easily, so with all my stubbornness, I cannot be persuaded by theory, I need proof. In 1879, Wilhelm Wundt opened the first experimental laboratory in psychology at the University of Leipzig, Germany (WGBH Educational Foundation, 2001). Obviously one would know that the beginning of psychology did not start exactly when the laboratory in Germany was opened, but the first sign of actual documentation and recording of results in a scientific environment was created.Laboratories were places where psychologists like Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Ivan Pavlov, B. F. Skinner and more would be taken seriously when they would introduce their ideas of psychoanalytic theory, the conscious and unconscious mind, analytical psychology, collective conscious, unconditioned and conditioned response and stimulus, classical conditioning, and operant conditioning (Collinshaw & Kritzer & Warecki, 2011, p. 59, 61, 64, 65). In the 1870s, zoos became unattended â€Å"laboratories†, especially with the so-called â€Å"ethnological exhibitions† or â€Å"Negro villages†. † (Wikipedia, 2011). The earliest anthropological laboratories were the use of zoos, which is very hard to take seriously, even though it makes sense. Anthropology is the scientific study of the origin, the behaviour , and the physical, social, and cultural development of humans, so studying animals first would be an adequate place to start, since animals are much less complex. Sociology is a relatively new academic discipline. It emerged in the early 19th century in response to the challenges of modernity. † (edu. learnsoc. org, 2011). Sociology itself is behind in comparison to psychology and anthropology so it is expected that it would not have as many legitimate records or working environments as psychology. In the future, I wish to pursue a career involving mainly business courses, just because that is what I like. I enjoy economics, which is basically applying the thought of people to numbers and prices, to get an outcome.I researched the economics program and psychology program at the University of Toronto, and they in fact have no relation together, but within my undergraduate years I am able to take psychology courses along with economics courses. In my perception, I feel like I c an use certain psychology courses to understand the mind better and take advantage of that from a business point of view, and generate profit. Courses like Cross-cultural psychology, and Special Topics in Human Communication can help me delve into the human mind.Cross-culture psychology is the examination of culture-blind and culture-bound aspects of traditional psychology that includes issues of diversity, cultural influences on basic psychological processes, and the impact of culture on social and developmental processes (University of Toronto, 2012). By studying cultural influences, I could maybe create a product that is appealing to today’s Canadian culture. Special Topics in Human Communication is the examination of selected topics in psychological approaches to human communication (University of Toronto, 2012).Communicating better or more efficiently could increase sales of some sort where I would have to encourage and convince people to purchase something. There defini tely are courses in anthropology that can be tied into an economics program that would actually help me in my future career, like Social Theory Through Everyday Life, which explains theories of culture and society, with examples from ordinary life and fantasy and their popular expressions (University Of Toronto, 2012), but the issue is that I have no interest in the study of society as a whole, I would rather study an individual.Sociology courses once again pertain to groups of people rather than the individuals in them, with courses like Women and Work, and Race Class Gender, which are pretty self explanatory (University of Toronto, 2012). As a person of specificity and depth, I wish to study individuals rather than crowds. As I already mentioned, I am a person of depth, and psychology is deep because it is broken up into so many sub-fields or â€Å"Schools of Thought† as our course book labels them. Anthropology only has four sub-fields, and sociology is broken up into seve ral issues to study rather than sub-fields.Psychology consists of biological, clinical, cognitive, comparative, developmental, education and school, evolutionary, industrial, personality, social, and positive (Wikipedia, 2012). In our course so far we have not even covered half of those sub-fields. Anthropology consists of cultural anthropology, archeology, linguistic anthropology, and physical anthropology (Wikipedia, 2012). Our course has covered three out of those four sub-fields already. Traditional focuses of sociology have included social stratification, social class, culture, social mobility, religion, secularization, law, and deviance.Our course has covered some of those issues. Psychology leads with the most sub-fields that probably needed a lot of work to organize and separate, which is why psychology appeals to me the most. In conclusion, psychology is a much more interesting and diverse discipline since it deals with the individual mind rather than society itself. In my future career psychology courses could be very affective if I deal with people face to face. This essay has proven to me and to the reader what opportunities psychology has for me in the future. References * edu. learnsoc. org. History of Sociology. Retrieved from http://edu. earnsoc. org/Chapters/1%20introduction/3%20history%20of%20sociology. htm * University of Toronto. Arts & Science 2011-2012 Fall/Winter Session Timetable for: Sociology [SOC courses]. Looking for the official U of T Faculty of Arts and Science home page?. Retrieved from http://www. artsandscience. utoronto. ca/ofr/timetable/winter/soc. html * University of Toronto. Course Descriptions — Anthropology. (n. d. ). Welcome to the Department of Anthropology — Anthropology. Retrieved from http://anthropology. utoronto. ca/undergraduate/courses * WGBH Educational Foundation. The History of Psychology.Retrieved from http://www. learner. org/discoveringpsychology/history/history_nonflash. html * Wikipedia. A nthropology – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Anthropology * Wikipedia. History of anthropology – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/History_of_anthropology * Wikipedia. Psychology – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved from en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Psychology * Wikipedia. Sociology – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Sociology * * * * * *

Cause and Effect Essay

As more everyday task, such as applying for jobs, banking, shopping, and obtaining general information move into cyberspace, those without computer access are finding themselves segregated from the rest of the digital world. It can be argued that because of the technological demand on today’s society, literacy in technology has become an essential skill for success in today’s society. The basics of computing skills must be supplemented with a set of both cognitive and technical skills, in order to lead to a more universal participation in a technological reliant society. Schools are not sufficiently training teachers; and teachers are not adjusting the curriculum to meet the growing needs of advancing technologies. There is no prevailing standard for what constitutes as fluency and government officials have taken a sluggish approach to equip citizens with the skills and information needed to access government services; especially since governments and businesses move more of their information services exclusively online. Governmental leadership is lagging in bringing society into the information age. Many of the schools throughout the United States are so substandard that a major overhaul is required to provide students with an adequate education. The current policy, which provides computers and Spousta 2 other related hardware but not the necessary training for students and teachers, furthers the inefficient use of resources. The government’s use of technology to provide, exclusive, online services causes a major issue among society as well. In some instances people don’t have computer access and are therefore denied from receiving certain needed services or information. Because a significant amount of the nation’s population are not online, and because the government puts most of its online information in English, and because the information is presented at a twelfth-grade level; millions of residents are further marginalized from the benefits because they either don’t speak English nor have a high education level. As technology further advances and we drift deeper into the information age, the demand for technological literacy among the members of society will continue to increase. Along the way there will be many issues that will eventually need to be addressed as technology advances and government and businesses move more information and services online. Consideration must also be given to those people who are less fortunate and technologically illiterate, or have limited to no computer access.

How to Ace the ACT 6 Top Tips for Success

How to Ace the ACT 6 Top Tips for Success SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Getting a stellar ACT score isn't easy. You'll have to put in sufficient study time, and you'll have to employ effective study strategies. So what should you be doing to reachthe top ACT score of your dreams? In this article, I'll explain exactly how to ace the ACT from the methods you need to use in your test prep to the best test-taking tips to maximize your score. What Is Acing the ACT? For the purposes of this article, acing the ACT refers to getting a score over a 30. Getting this score will make you competitive for admission to most colleges, and based on past results, if you get a score higher than 30, you’ll likely score better than 95% of students who take the ACT. To get this score, you’ll only be able to miss a handful of questions on each section. You should be aware that for the most selective colleges, you may need a score of 34 or higher for your ACT score to help your chances of getting in. Depending on your college goals, calculate your target score and what a good score would be for you. Regardless of whether you’re aiming for a 30 or a 36, if you follow the advice in this article, you’ll be preparing yourself to reach your goals. If you’re striving for a 20-27, you may want to focus on our posts about improving your Math, Reading, English, and Science scores. How Long Do You Have to Study? Mostly, how long you need to study depends on your starting point and your target score. How much you need to improve will determine the study time you need to achieve your goal. If you haven’t taken the ACT, take an official practice test simulating real testing conditions to determine where you’re at and how much you need to improve. Here’s a rough estimate of how long you’ll have to study based on how many points you need to reach your goal: 0-1 point improvement: 10 hours 1-2 point improvement: 20 hours 2-4 point improvement: 40 hours 4-6 point improvement: 80 hours 6-9 point improvement: 150 hours + Keep in mind that this is just an estimate based on our data. However, it should give you a general idea of the amount of time you’ll have to put in to ace the ACT. How to Acethe ACT: Best StudyStrategies You don’t just need to put in the requisite study hours to ace the ACT; you need to study efficiently. Regardless of whether you’re using test prep books, you have a tutor, or you take an ACT prep class, you should be incorporating these practices into your ACT studying. Use Real or Realistic Practice Questions The best questions to study from are those that will most closely resemble the questions that appear on the ACT. The ACT is unlike tests you've taken in school and its format is unique. If you want to ace the ACT, the best way to do so is by knowing you can condfidently answer all of the different types of questions that are likely to appear on the test. A huge flaw of many test prep books is that their practice questions are either much harder or much easier than those you’ll find on the ACT. Also, some books present questions in a different format than that of the ACT. What are good sources for ACT practice questions? Undoubtedly, you should use the released official ACTs. For more real ACT questions, you can purchase The Real ACT Prep Guide. Also, the ACT website has practice questions and offers an online ACT prep program. Furthermore, PrepScholar has thousands of realistic ACT questions written by ACT experts. Focus on Your Weaknesses and Analyze Your Mistakes You’ll make the best use of your study time by focusing on why you’re missing questions and trying to improve your weaknesses. If you just do a ton of practice questions, but you don’t stop to figure out why you’re getting questions wrong, your score won’t improve much. If you want to ace the ACT, you’ll have very little room for error. You must comprehend how to correctly answer every type of question and be able to finish each section in the allotted time. For each practice test or question set you do, mark every question that you’re even 20% unsure about. Then, when you’re reviewing, thoroughly examine each question you got incorrect or guessed on. Make sure you understand how to correctly answer the question and what you didn’t grasp or did wrong. Keep track of all of these questions with specific notes about what you need to improve. Ask yourself why you got questions wrong, and be as specific as possible. Take notes about why you're getting questions wrong. These are the major areas you might need to improve. Content Again, to ace the ACT, you’re going to want to know all of the content well. The ACT tests you on a number of concepts related to reading, writing, science, and math. By identifying the specific types of questions you get wrong, you can identify the topics you need to learn better. For example, on Math, you may notice that you’re missing questions related to coordinate geometry. On English, you may be having difficulty with questions that deal with punctuation. Once you diagnose your content weaknesses, study the content. We have articles on this blog related to every type of question. When you’ve become more familiar with the content, do a ton of related practice questions and understand how to correctly answer each practice question. Time Even if you understand ACT content and how to do each question, you may struggle finishing sections on time. If you're finishing sections with more than 5 minutes remaining and you're making careless mistakes, then you're rushing. If you're consistently struggling to complete sections in the allotted time, then you need to focus on improving your time management. If you’re rushing, all you may have to do is slow down and read the questions more carefully. If you’re having trouble finishing questions on time, monitor your time spent per question during your practice. Also, you may increase your speed as you improve your content knowledge. Additionally, you may be able to better your time management by adopting quality test-taking strategies. For Reading and Writing, you need to figure out the most efficient way for you to read the passages to maximize your score. Drill your approach in your test prep so that you’re comfortable with it. For Math, memorize all formulas you may need to know. Strategy Some students are comfortable with the content and don’t have issues with time management, but they’re still missing questions. Usually, this occurs because of a lack of understanding of ACT strategy. If you’re missing questions because you’re falling prey to common ACT tricks, then you may need to improve your knowledge of ACT strategy. For example, if you know the grammar rules that are tested on ACT English but you’re missing questions because you’re not reading the whole sentence, you need to work on your ACT strategy. Strategy errors occur when you understand the content that’s being tested, but you need to improve your approach or understanding of the questions. Follow these tips for ACT success! Top Test-Taking Tips to Ace the ACT Following these tips will help you avoid strategy errors and enable you to correctly answer questions more quickly and efficiently. Make sure to use these tips when taking practice tests so they become habit for you. Answer Every Question On the ACT, there's no penalty for incorrect answers, so it's in your best interest to answer every single question. Even if you're clueless on a specific question, you should guess because you have a 25% chance of randomly picking the correct answer on the multiple choice questions. This is also why it's important to have good time management; you want to make sure that you're able to answer all of the questions. If you're running out of time and know you won't get to the end of the section, you should still fill in random bubbles to give yourself a chance at getting more right answers. Underline Key Words in the Questions Regardless of the section, underlining key words can help you make sure you understand what the question is asking and avoid careless mistakes. For instance, In Math, you can know for certain whether you should be solving for x or y. In Writing, you can ensure if a question is asking you whether a sentence should be added or deleted. Eliminate Wrong Answers Even though this strategy may sound obvious, it’s important to use, especially if you’re not immediately 100% confident in your answer. In Reading and Writing, there may be answer choices that seem possible, but if anything about the answer choice isn’t correct, it must be eliminated. Similarly, in Math, if you have a rough estimate of the correct answer, you can eliminate any answer that isn’t close to your estimate. Or if you know the answer is positive, you can eliminate any answer that’s a negative number. Eliminating wrong answers will increase your chances of getting questions right and help you arrive at the correct answer. Get rid of wrong answers! Finish with Extra Time to Recheck Your Work You should try to finish each section with approximately 5 minutes remaining. During the remaining time, check any questions you were unsure of. I recommend marking any questions you’re uncertain about while you’re taking the test. Double check how you got your answer. Once you feel comfortable with your answer, go to the next question. If you’re still unsure, stick with your initial guess. After looking over questions you had doubts about, ensure that you did all your bubbling correctly. Final Advice: How to Ace the ACT It’s not easy to ace the ACT, but it’s possible with hard work and a good study plan. If you need help with organization, motivation, or test-taking strategies, you may benefit with the help of a tutor, in-person class, or online program like PrepScholar. For further guidanceand detailed instructions on how to acethe ACT, read our articles for how to get a perfect ACT score, and how to get a perfect score in Reading, English, Science, and Math. What's Next? If you don't have much time to prepare for the ACT, read our guide to cramming for the test. Also, to ace the ACT, you'll want to review our comprehensive ACT prep information. Finally, to help with your test preparation, learn about the best ACT prep books. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes your prep program to your strengths and weaknesses. We also have expert instructors who can grade every one of your practice ACT essays, giving feedback on how to improve your score. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Free Essays on James Joyce

James Joyce’s Revolutionary Style The works of Irish writer James Joyce are distinguished by their keen psychological insight and use of various literary techniques. The Irish novelist revolutionized the treatment of plot and characterization in fiction. No doubt, James Joyce became one of the most influential writers of the 1900’s. Many critics consider William Shakespeare his only rival as a master of the English language. According to Harvard students Nick Smith and Olivia Verma, â€Å"With his inventive narrative style and engagement themes, Joyce had established himself as a leading Modernist† (Biography of James Joyce 1 of 2). His works reflect the Irish experience and contribute to the national literature. Joyce saw himself as advancing beyond into the future of literature. Joyce was born in a Dublin suburb on February 2, 1882 and was the eldest of ten children. He wrote all his works about that city, though he lived outside Ireland from 1904 on. He believed that Ireland’s strict nationalistic and religious attitudes prevented writers from portraying Irish life realistically. He lived and wrote in Paris, Rome, Trieste, and Zurich and returned to Ireland only twice, briefly in 1909 and 1912 (Columbia Electronic encyclopedia 1 of 2). Joyce suffered a painful eye disease for most of his adult life and became almost blind despite many operations (Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia 2001). Nick Smith and Olivia Verma, authors of Grade Saver, believe that â€Å"Joyce heavily relied upon the emotional support of Nora Barnacle, his unmarried Irish lover, as well as the financial support of his younger brother, Stanislaus Joyce† (Biography of James Joyce 1 of 2). James Joyce was educated at Jesuit schools. He went to the Clongowes Wood College in Clane from 1881 to 1891. Afterward, he attended Belverde College in Dublin from 1893 to 1899. Joyce ended college at University College in Dublin in 1902 (Columbia Electronic... Free Essays on James Joyce Free Essays on James Joyce James Joyce’s Revolutionary Style The works of Irish writer James Joyce are distinguished by their keen psychological insight and use of various literary techniques. The Irish novelist revolutionized the treatment of plot and characterization in fiction. No doubt, James Joyce became one of the most influential writers of the 1900’s. Many critics consider William Shakespeare his only rival as a master of the English language. According to Harvard students Nick Smith and Olivia Verma, â€Å"With his inventive narrative style and engagement themes, Joyce had established himself as a leading Modernist† (Biography of James Joyce 1 of 2). His works reflect the Irish experience and contribute to the national literature. Joyce saw himself as advancing beyond into the future of literature. Joyce was born in a Dublin suburb on February 2, 1882 and was the eldest of ten children. He wrote all his works about that city, though he lived outside Ireland from 1904 on. He believed that Ireland’s strict nationalistic and religious attitudes prevented writers from portraying Irish life realistically. He lived and wrote in Paris, Rome, Trieste, and Zurich and returned to Ireland only twice, briefly in 1909 and 1912 (Columbia Electronic encyclopedia 1 of 2). Joyce suffered a painful eye disease for most of his adult life and became almost blind despite many operations (Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia 2001). Nick Smith and Olivia Verma, authors of Grade Saver, believe that â€Å"Joyce heavily relied upon the emotional support of Nora Barnacle, his unmarried Irish lover, as well as the financial support of his younger brother, Stanislaus Joyce† (Biography of James Joyce 1 of 2). James Joyce was educated at Jesuit schools. He went to the Clongowes Wood College in Clane from 1881 to 1891. Afterward, he attended Belverde College in Dublin from 1893 to 1899. Joyce ended college at University College in Dublin in 1902 (Columbia Electronic... Free Essays on James Joyce When analyzing James Joyce’s writing it becomes apparent that the reader is confronting nothing short of perfection. His attention to detail as well as his ability to bring the reader along with him earns Joyce a rank amongst the masters. While many writers simple write, Joyce dances upon greatness supported by the beautifully sung lyrics of his voice. Amongst many other techniques, Joyce uses the terms â€Å"paralysis†, â€Å"epiphany† and â€Å"epiclesis† to draw readers into his world; the world of the people of Dublin. In his book Dubliners, Joyce writes to share with the rest of the world how he views this city and it’s citizens. It is easy to see that Joyce believed himself to be an artist or an ambassador whose responsibility it is to show the life of the people of his home: Dublin, Ireland. In Morris Beja’s book, James Joyce: A Literary Life, Beja recalls a letter from Joyce to Constantine P. Curran in which Joyce says, â€Å"I call the series Dubliners to betray the soul of that hemiplagia or paralysis which many consider a city.† (32) In Joyce’s book Dubliners Joyce captures the essence of the citizens of Dublin and in turn writes about their paralysis. The term â€Å"paralysis† can be defined as the state of being trapped or unable to change. Joyce tells the stories of many Dubliners who are bound by their own ideas of religion and what is right. They are stuck in their religion as well as their opposition to change. Joyce believes that the people of Dublin are caught in a vicious and self-destructive cycle. An example of this is the character Mr. Farrington in the stor y Counterparts. Continuously w! orrying about money and how he is going to feed his family, Mr. Farrington consoles his troubles by spending the little money that he does have at the pub. He returns home only to find that his wife is, as usual, at church and that his son let the fire go out. Mr. Farrington beats his son for this minor inciden...

Important Facts on Argentinas History and Geography

Important Facts on Argentina's History and Geography Argentina officially called the Argentine Republic, is the largest Spanish-speaking nation in Latin America. It is located in southern South America to the east of Chile, to the west lie Uruguay, a small part of Brazil, southern Bolivia, and Paraguay. One of the main differences between Argentina and other South America countries is that it is mainly dominated by a large middle class thats heavily influenced by European culture. In fact, nearly 97 percent of Argentinas population is of European descent, with Spain and Italy being the most common countries of origin. Fast Facts About Argentina Argentina, which means the land of silver, has territorial rights to the eastern side of Tierra del Fuego and is home to Ushuaia, one of the worlds southernmost cities.Population: 45,095,386 (based on United Nations estimate, June 2019)Capital: Buenos AiresArea: 1,073,518 square miles (2,780,400 square kilometers)Bordering Countries: Chile, Bolivia, Paraguay, Brazil, UruguayCoastline: 3,100 miles (4,989 kilometers)Highest Point: At 22,834 feet (6,960 meters), Aconcagua is the worlds highest mountain outside of the Himalayas.Lowest Point: Laguna del Carbon, minus 344 feet (minus 105 meters) History of Argentina Argentina saw the first Europeans arrive when Italian explorer and navigator Amerigo Vespucci reached its shores in 1502. Europeans did not establish a permanent settlement in Argentina until 1580 when Spain established a colony in what is present-day Buenos Aires. Throughout the rest of the 1500s, through the 1600s and 1700s, Spain continued to expand its territorial hold and established the Vice Royalty of Rio de la Plata in 1776. However, on July 9, 1816, after several conflicts, Buenos Aires General Josà © de San Martin (who is now Argentinas national hero) declared independence from Spain. Argentinas first constitution was drafted in 1853 and a national government was established in 1861. Following its independence, Argentina implemented new agricultural technologies, organizational strategies, and foreign investments to help grow its economy. From 1880 to 1930, it became one of the worlds 10 wealthiest nations. Despite its economic success, by the 1930s Argentina was undergoing a period of political instability. The constitutional government was overthrown in 1943. As Minister of Labor, Juan Domingo Perà ³n took over as the countrys political leader. In 1946, Perà ³n was elected as Argentinas president and established Partido Unico de la Revolucion. Peron was re-elected in 1952 but after government instability, he was exiled in 1955. Through the rest of the 1950s and into the 1960s, military and civilian political administrations worked to deal with economic instability, however, after years of uncertainty, unrest led to a reign of domestic terrorism that ran from the mid-1960s through the 1970s. On March 11, 1973, by means of a general election, Hector Campora became the countrys president. In July of that same year, however, Campora resigned and Perà ³n was re-elected President of Argentina. When Perà ³n died a year later, his wife, Eva Duarte de Perà ³n, was appointed the presidency for a short while but was ousted from office in March 1976. After her removal, Argentinas armed forces took control of the government, executing harsh punishments on those who were considered extremists in what was eventually known as El Proceso or the Dirty War. Military rule lasted in Argentina until December 10, 1983, at which time, another presidential election was held and Raul Alfonsin was elected president for a six-year term. During Alfonsins time in office, stability returned to Argentina for a short time, however, the country was still facing serious economic problems. After Alfonsin left office, the country reverted to instability, which lasted into the early 2000s. In 2003, Nestor Kirchner was elected president and after a rocky start, he was eventually able to restore Argentinas former political and economic strength. Government of Argentina Argentinas current government is a federal republic with two legislative bodies. Its executive branch has a chief of state and a head of state. From 2007 to 2011, Cristina Fernndez de Kirchner was the countrys first elected woman  to fill both of those roles. The legislative branch is bicameral with a Senate and a Chamber of Deputies, while the judicial branch is made up of a Supreme Court. Argentina is divided into 23 provinces and one autonomous city,  Buenos Aires. Economics, Industry and Land Use in Argentina Today, one of the most important sectors of Argentinas economy is its industry and approximately one-quarter of the countrys workers are employed in manufacturing. Argentinas major industries include chemical and petrochemical, food production, leather, and textiles. Energy production and mineral resources including lead, zinc, copper, tin, silver, and uranium are also important to the economy. Argentinas main agricultural products include wheat, fruit, tea, and livestock. Geography and Climate of Argentina Because of Argentinas long length, it is divided into four main regions: 1) the northern subtropical woodlands and swamps; 2) the heavily wooded slopes of the Andes Mountains in the west; 3) the far south, semiarid and cold Patagonian Plateau; and 4) the temperate region surrounding Buenos Aires. Thanks to its mild climate, fertile soils, and proximity to where Argentinas cattle industry began, the Buenos Aires the temperate region are the countrys most populated. In addition to these regions, Argentina has many large lakes in the Andes, along with the second largest river system in South America, the Paraguay-Parana-Uruguay, that drains from the northern Chaco region to the Rio de la Plata near Buenos Aires. Like its terrain, Argentinas climate varies, although most of the country is considered temperate with a small arid portion in the southeast. Argentinas southwestern portion is extremely cold and dry and is consequently considered a sub-Antarctic climate. References Central Intelligence Agency. The World Factbook- Argentina. April 21, 2010. Retrieved from: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ar.html Infoplease.com. Argentina: History, Geography, Government, and Culture. Retrieved from: infoplease.com/country/argentina.html United States Department of State. Argentina. October 2009. Retrieved from: state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/26516.htm

The Provisions for the Enforcement of Human Rights within the United Essay

The Provisions for the Enforcement of Human Rights within the United Nations Conventions Indicate that there are Some Rights - Essay Example 1 This approach ensures that all human beings are treated well and equally. Human rights go hand in hand with fairness and equality. They distinguish individual liberty to make a selection concerning individual life.  Human rights are also concerned with freedom and aggravation or favouritism.   The current human international law was developed after the Second World War, and that is when the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights was developed.  Several treaties have been developed, and specific human rights have emerged in the Universal Declaration. 2 During the year 1966, the International Agreement on Social, Economic, and Social Ethnic Rights, and International Agreement on Civic and Opinionated Rights was developed forming the International Bill of Human Rights. Other treaties were also developed in the universal level which included; 3 International symposiums on abolition of all types of ethnic discrimination.   Conference on the removal of discrimination of women ,  Resolution touching torment and other unkind cruel conduct,  Conference on the rights of the teenager,  Principal on the rights of disabled people, and Global Conference for the defence of all People from imposed Departure.   1 The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted by the United General Assembly for Human Rights 3. The structure of this declaration was developed by Cassin, and it was derived from the original draft developed by John Humphrey.   In this structure, article 1 and 2 form the foundation of this structure, and it contains the principal of dignity, equality, brotherhood and liberty of individuals 4. The important part of the constitution consists of a column illustration article 3 to 11 that advocates for individual rights, and defence from slavery. In the next column, article 12 to that illustrate rights of people in affairs of state and civic society. The following column consists of article 18 to 24 that illustrates spiritual and political f reedom such as freedom of worship. The last column, illustrate article 22-27 that displays social, cultural and economical rights. The last part of this structure summarizes all parts of the declaration.    These structure talks of peoples’ duties to the community and the ways used to implement the rights as per requirement of United Nations 5. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights has been adapted by United Nations and has been essential among nations. Though, the declaration has turned out to be part of habitual international laws, this law is the foundation of practice in Intercontinental court of impartiality. This declaration has also had an incredible inspiration in the charter of other countries 6. In addition to this, the declaration has acted as the foundation of two main United Nations human rights agreements.    2   Koch argues that Civil and political right consists of social satisfying elements. These elements are considered non justifiable under the co nnection on economic, cultural and social rights. This approach has been put together and described in the legal review, though, a significant explanation has not been given to justify the level at which legal factors can be attributed to social factors under the agreement of civil and political rights 7.   The two fundamental ways of operational on human rights are the reactive method and the proactive method. The reactive method looks at conflicts, and looks at how conflicts occurred. The proactive method is mainly

SAP Business Intelligence Tools Comparison Research Paper

SAP Business Intelligence Tools Comparison - Research Paper Example In addition, have a standardized format on their business intelligence implementation on a service-oriented architecture that has been proven and scalable as well as adaptive. In the provision of easy, self-service access to decision-ready information with the SAP Business Intelligence platform, business users are empowered with unlimited access to key insights that are delivered in context. This increases responsiveness, reduces the costs of Information Technology (IT) and its work loads and drives faster and better decision-making in the organization. This is achieved by leveraging real-time business intelligence from any data and the increasing of user autonomy through the exposure of data thus ensuring that the consumption of information is simple, personalized and dynamic and that the enterprise benefits from a flexible and scalable information infrastructure. Key Features of SAP Business Intelligence According to Brogden (2012), the first key feature of SAP Business Intelligenc e is information design in that it uses graphical design tools in order to create the semantic layer also known as the universe. In SAP Business Intelligence, information access utilizes the business intelligence (BI) launch pad in the provision of access to the BI content, while widgets are used to deliver the BI to the desktop and BI workspace is used to assemble those contents that are used most of the time. In terms of publishing, it distributes the personalized BI content to a wider audience while it manages BI content throughout the lifecycle of development, testing and production. Platform administration is managed, configured and audited as well as deploying of the business intelligence from a central point or console. When it comes to portal integration, the content is integrated with Java-based and Microsoft Share-Point portals while it also integrates with other applications by extending the content to other applications with software development kits. Business Benefits o f SAP Business Intelligence Tools The benefit of such tools is that it enables better-informed participants to make better decisions through simpler and personalized access to information while at the same time allowing faster deployment and optimized utilization of IT infrastructure within a unified BI infrastructure. It also allows tighter integration with the existing IT infrastructure and reduces the IT workload through simplified maintenance and administration options while the SAP business intelligence tools enables better use of the It resources by enabling business users with self service. Part II Oracle Business Intelligence (BI) Platform The Oracle Business Intelligence platform is designed mainly to eliminate the costs of redundancy through the standardization that is carried out on a single business intelligence platform. It serves all the users on the same business enterprise and ensures that the complete spectrum composed of reporting, analysis, modeling and forecastin g is fulfilled as well as empowering the business users to quickly and easily create reports and queries without relying on IT. The Oracle Business Intelligence Platform also centralizes the definitions of all metrics and calculations amongst other parameters that

Human Learning and Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Human Learning and Development - Essay Example until Sigmund Freud developed his psychodynamic perspective. In the present essay, I would like to focus on the newer theories of human cognitive progress, which are: Albert Bandura’s behaviorist approach, Erik Erikson’s psycho-social theory, Jean Piaget’s cognitive perspective, Roger’s humanistic study. It needs to be noted that the ideas of Enlightenment philosophers to great extent correlate with modern developmental searches. The ideas of social education (or, more precisely, education-in-environment ) were articulated in earlier Rousseau’s writings : †All children are perfectly designed organisms, ready to learn from their surroundings so as to grow into virtuous adults. But, due to the malign influence of corrupt society, they often fail to do so† (Astington et al, 1988, p.56). The most effective path of child education was the removal of the child from â€Å"from society (i.e., to a country home) and alternately conditioning him through changes to environment and setting traps and puzzles for him to solve or overcome† (ibid, p.57). Albert Bandura and the other foundators of behaviorism took this idea for their developmental theory. The Social Learning (ibid) approach focuses on the roles of enviromnet and the influences of social on life-span development. From this viewpoint, learning is almost the same as development, as it involves new experiences and activizes them. Human personality and thoughts are a result of experiences the individual faces, so Bandura and Skinner hold that human-being is a product of environment (Gopnik, 1990). Furthermore, Bandura also optimized educational model and adjusted it to behaviorist approach. Operant conditioning, which includes punishment and reinforcement, is considered the most applicable in present-day school settings, as its modus operandi is quite simple and effective in terms of dealing with 6-8-year-old children. Briefly, positive

Writer's Choice Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Writer's Choice - Assignment Example This is because companies produce their goods to target the global market and sourcing is a core consideration (Lechner & Boli, 2011) Future global sourcing will depend on negotiated worldwide performance parameters, a globally incorporated market system as well incorporation of global professionalism especially in marketing, human resource, engineering and source groups. One effect of sourcing globally is that companies no longer source components but rather source in systems and services. This is important to companies because they not only have to produce affordable goods for the global market, but the goods need to be of right quality and standard. Companies which source systems therefore have an easier way of controlling quality and price. Another effect of global sourcing is that as much as companies would still prefer traditionally cheaper markets of China, Eastern Europe and India, they cautiously check the unknown costs that arise from sourcing in these markets (Lechner & Boli, 2011) The articles relate to the week’s topic because they fulfill the objective of evaluating how organizations can control cost of production by ensuring that standards and quality are observed when sourcing from a global market. This results in production of quality goods and services which meet global standards and consumed by a global market. Prior to buying of a system or even a product, purchasers usually would be interested in finding out an estimation of the total of direct as well as indirect charges included in a specific transaction. The comprehensive figure is what is called a Total Cost of Ownership. One main challenge that organizations go through while implementing a Total Cost Measurement system is the length of time required to come up with a comprehensive Total Cost Measurement System. This is because organizations have to go through

Globalisation,Transnationals and Economic Development in Uk(78114003) Essay

Globalisation,Transnationals and Economic Development in Uk(78114003) - Essay Example sult of such a trend, the globalization - as an idea or an activity – has been expanded in most of countries around the world creating specific obligations and rights for both the states and the individuals. Current paper examines the effects globalization in the local economic development of UK particularly in relation with the position and the activities of the transnationals. It should be noticed that the analysis of the above subject is taken place presenting at a first stage the current situation in the international community (regarding this particular issue) and at a next level, the findings are compared with the ones of the UK financial market in order to formulate a secure assumption on the problem. On the other hand, a series of particular issues are been exposed (with reference to the UK market) which should be considered before arriving in any conclusion regarding the specific subject. The post-World War II ‘phenomenon of globalization-the increasingly close international integration of markets both for goods and services, and for capital - may in many ways be viewed as a resumption of a trend observed in the world economy a century ago; by some measures, international economic integration increased just as much in the 50 years before World War I as in recent decades, and reached comparable levels; then, as now, integration was driven in large part by the proliferation of markets and rapid technological change. The process was interrupted and reversed from 1914 to after World War II’ (World Economic Outlook, 1997) Globalization is a term ‘variously employed, even by experts within a single discipline; moreover, there is substantial debate, not only about its definition, but also about whether it is actually occurring, its significance, and how it shapes our future’ [8]. At its most accepted form globalization ‘rests upon, or simply is, the growth in international exchange of goods, services, and capital, and the increasing levels of

Richard Rodriguez The Achievement of Desire Essay

Richard Rodriguez The Achievement of Desire - Essay Example Because after possessing a slight accomplishment, a person does not desire anything which will create him or her less accurate. Consequently in finishing up feeling so intricate that all of a sudden you are aware of that perhaps your culture or even your family members are not great at all in line with you also you notice them as others does. Nevertheless this is not an authentic education. Although education is very vital to each and every one of us, the manners in which people edify themselves comprises massive effects towards their cultural existence. The moment you instruct yourself mentally, cultural beliefs as well as your environment do not appear that significant to you as you regard yourself within the upper classes. These children who originated from other nations discover new things and then after some time living here, they familiarize themselves with some other culture. They might even consider ashamed speaking of their personal language also they strive to dispose of their intonation. Occasionally they would even feel being humiliated and uncomfortable of their parents or relatives because of their deficiencies in education. I suppose that although you have administered to accomplish so much academic achievement, you

Globalisation,Transnationals and Economic Development in Uk(78114003) Essay

Globalisation,Transnationals and Economic Development in Uk(78114003) - Essay Example sult of such a trend, the globalization - as an idea or an activity – has been expanded in most of countries around the world creating specific obligations and rights for both the states and the individuals. Current paper examines the effects globalization in the local economic development of UK particularly in relation with the position and the activities of the transnationals. It should be noticed that the analysis of the above subject is taken place presenting at a first stage the current situation in the international community (regarding this particular issue) and at a next level, the findings are compared with the ones of the UK financial market in order to formulate a secure assumption on the problem. On the other hand, a series of particular issues are been exposed (with reference to the UK market) which should be considered before arriving in any conclusion regarding the specific subject. The post-World War II ‘phenomenon of globalization-the increasingly close international integration of markets both for goods and services, and for capital - may in many ways be viewed as a resumption of a trend observed in the world economy a century ago; by some measures, international economic integration increased just as much in the 50 years before World War I as in recent decades, and reached comparable levels; then, as now, integration was driven in large part by the proliferation of markets and rapid technological change. The process was interrupted and reversed from 1914 to after World War II’ (World Economic Outlook, 1997) Globalization is a term ‘variously employed, even by experts within a single discipline; moreover, there is substantial debate, not only about its definition, but also about whether it is actually occurring, its significance, and how it shapes our future’ [8]. At its most accepted form globalization ‘rests upon, or simply is, the growth in international exchange of goods, services, and capital, and the increasing levels of

Data Analysis for Business Decision Making Essay

Data Analysis for Business Decision Making - Essay Example Table1: Time needed in minutes on electronic devices Internal modem External modem Circuit board CD drive Hard drive Memory board Available minutes per week Test device1 2 3 5 6 4 8 9000 Test device 2 1 5 3 2 5 5 7800 Test device3 5 2 3 3 3 2 6600 Test device 4 3 4 2 1 2 3 6120 Next calculation will involve determining of the mathematical relationship for describing the constraints given in the problem. One relationship that is general is the quantity of resource that is utilized should be less than or rather equal to the quantity of resource that is available. The decision variables should also be greater than zero. First constraint: Test device 1 time used Test device 1 time available 2a+3b+5c+6d+4e+8f 9000 Second constraint: Test device 2 time used Test device 2 time available a+5b+3c+2d+5e+5f 7800 Third constraint: Test device 3 time used Test device 3 time available 5a+2b+3c+3d+3e+2f 6600 Fourth constraint: Test device 4 time used Test device 4 time available 3a+4b+2c+1d+2e+3f 6 120 Fifth constraint: a, b, c, d, e, f 0 All these constraints do represent the restrictions of the capacity of production, and have an effect on the total profit. The constraints display a linear programming aspect in which certain specific interactions would exist in between the given variables. Increasing the number of units produced by a company would reduce the production of other products. Response to question c. Solution. The decision variables in this problem are a, b, c, d, e, f. This problem was solved using the excel solver that is displayed the worksheet. Microsoft Excel 12.0 Answer Report Worksheet: [Book3]Sheet1 Report Created: 20/07/2012 10:52:29 Target Cell (Max) Cell Name Original Value Final Value $B$7 z 0 545568 Adjustable Cells Cell Name Original Value Final Value $B$1 a 0 168 $B$2 b 0 0 $B$3 c 0 984 $B$4 d 0 0 $B$5 e 0 936 $B$6 f 0 0 Constraints Cell Name Cell Value Formula Status $B$8 c1 9000 $B$8=0 Binding $B$5 e 936 $B$5>=0 Not Binding $B$6 f 0 $B$6>=0 Bindin g From the table, the maximum profit for Northern H-Tec E. Ltd Company is ?545,568 as displayed in the work sheet. Where c1, c2, c3, and c4 represents the constraints involved in the problem. Response to question d. Constraints that are biding are those constraints that limit the output of profit where as the non binding constraints do not always have a limitation in the overall profit. This implies that changing the non binding constraints do not affect the profit so long as the changes in this kind of constraints are within the allowable decrease and increase indicated in the sensitive report. Changing binding constrain

Flat organization Group Essay Example for Free

Flat organization Group Essay Organizational structures developed from the ancient times of hunters and collectors in tribal organizations through highly royal and clerical power structures to industrial structures and todays post-industrial structures. The typical hierarchical arrangement for lines of authorities, communications, rights and duties of an organization. Organizational structure determines how the roles, power and responsibilities are assigned, controlled, and coordinated, and how information flows between the different levels of management. A structure depends on the organizations objectives and strategy. In a centralized structure, the top layer of management has most of the decision making power and has tight control over departments and divisions. In a decentralized structure, the decision making power is distributed and the departments and divisions may have different degrees of independence. A company such as Proctor Gamble that sells multiple products may organize their structure so that groups are divided according to each product and depending on geographical area as well. The Importance of Organization Structure A number of writers have pointed out the importance of an organization’s structure and the relationship between it and an organization’s size, strategy, technology, environment and culture. Mintzberg (1989) has written extensively and significantly on the importance of organizational structure. Miller (1989) has explored the importance of configurations of strategy and structure. Burns and Stalker (1961) concluded that if an organization is to achieve maximum performance then its structure must fit with or match the rate of change in its environments. Handy (1990, 1993) has discussed the importance of culture in relation to organizational design and structure and the need for new organizational forms. Pascale, Milleman and Gioja (2000, p.197) consider ‘design is the invisible hand that brings organizations to life and life to organizations.’ Further, organizational structure and design are closely entwined (Mabey, Salaman Storey, 2001) with many aspects of human resource management. Thus structure has a key role in the all important human dimension of an organization. Too often the importance of Organization structure is overlooked and Miller (1989) points to a gap in the literature whereby the content of corporate or business strategies has not been widely considered in relation to structure. One of the most important aspects of a manager’s role is the design of Organizational structures, yet this is often a neglected responsibility (Senge, 1994). McMaster (1996) argues that Organizational design is not well understood and traditional management education does not include the development of any understanding of the principles of corporate design. The impact of the floury of corporate restructures that took place in the 1980s and 1990s, discussed later in this paper, supports this view. I would suggest that this lack of genuine understanding is a serious shortcoming. Definition of Structure Mullins (1993) and Mabey, Salaman Storey (2001) describe the structure of an Organization as the pattern of relationships between roles in an Organization and its different parts. They see the purpose of this structure as serving to allocate work and responsibilities in order to direct activities and achieve the Organization’s goals. Structure enables managers to plan, direct, organize and control the activities of the organization (Mullins, 1993, Mabey, Salaman Storey, 2001). Here is a traditional view of Organizational design that uses principles derived from classical and scientific Management. A non traditional approach is taken by Pascale, Milleman and Gioja (2000, p.197). They consider the role of architects and the principles they use to create buildings that provide ‘(1) structural integrity (sound buildings), (2) functionality (space appropriate for its intended use), and (3) aesthetic appeal.’ Using these principles an architect is able to work with the client in order to create a structure that is an integral and facilitating aspect of the life of the people who move in and around it. Thus architectural approaches can offer us a good model with which to consider Organization design principles. I would define an Organization’s structure as the architecture both visible and invisible which connects and weaves together all aspects of an Organization’s activities so that it functions as a complete dynamic entity. One simple approach is to consider how an Organization’s structure is described when represented diagrammatically, which most is often shown in the Organization chart. This provides useful insights into the underlying design principles. It will not show informal structures, but this is not the focus of this paper, except where they are an integral part of the design, as in for example, design Principles derived from complexity. The 20th Century –Traditional way Henri Fayol is credited by many as being the founder of modern management theory and practice. Writing at the beginning of the 20th century he advocated an Organization structure that was centralized, functionally specialized and hierarchical, in which everything had its specific place. Management was viewed as being all about planning, organizing, forecasting, co-coordinating and controlling. Others built on Fayol’s work, which Morgan (1986) claims provided the foundation of management theory in the first half of the last century, and which is still much in use up to the present day. Also in the early 20th century Frederick Taylor drawing on his understanding of traditional science and scientific method devised a theory of management – scientific management. He advocated the use of ‘scientific’ methods of measurement and analysis and broke all tasks down into small repetitive components. This was considered the most effective way of operating a production process and his methods achieved their apogee in the Ford motor car production line process. Thus the basic structure of many large Organizations in the 20th century was founded on linear, segmented, hierarchical design principles as typified by Figure 1. The larger the Organization the larger the structure and the more sub divisions. It was an approach to Organization design that reflected the classical scientific worldview as did the early management theorists Figure 1. Traditional Organization Chart / Structure During the mid 20th century there was a trend for Organizations to create huge corporate structures, often composed of many varied and different businesses, for example, the Hanson Trust, Trafalgar House, Unilever, and GKN in the UK and General Electric in the USA (Mabey, Salaman Storey, 2001). In the public sector too, huge bureaucracies were created with the nationalization of the public utilities after World War II and the creation of the NHS in 1948. The management of these huge Organizations required a complex multilayered structure with many sub divisions. ‘Tall structures were created with as many as 20 plus levels between the chief Executive and the shopfloor operative. Managerial control of employees at all the Multiple levels was based on a mixture of direct command and budgetary Responsibility. Hierarchy, command and control were the governing principles of Employee management.’ But by the last decades of the 20th century, however, the trend for larger and larger structures was over. Almost every Organization experimented with some kind of structural change process (Ashkenas et al, 1995). Large conglomerates were broken up and large bureaucracies slimmed down as Organizations sought to become more effective and flexible (Mabey, Salaman Storey, 2001). Companies merged and demerged, made acquisitions or sold them off and experimented with a range of approaches designed to make them more effective and responsive to a rapidly changing world. During this period Organizations were awash with notions of delayering, right / downsizing and business process re-engineering and for a time returns to shareholders were at record levels (Willis,2001). Downsizing was used by many companies as a way of adjusting their structures in order to be fitter and more effective. Large Organizations with many bureaucratic aspects like Kodak, IBM and General Motors restructured in this way (Mabey, Salaman Storey, 2001). This and the often accompanying trend for outsourcing resulted in a wave of new problems particularly with employee insecurity and loss of expert knowledge. Coulson- Thomas and Coe (1991) report that in many of these slimmer Organizations there were issues of work overload, increased work stress, lack of vision, poor decision making, corporate in fighting and so on. Further, this approach proved to be an unsatisfactory one, not only because of the immediate social costs and the loss of experience and valuable skills, but because many Organizations failed to capitalize on the restructuring and implement new supportive systems (Mabey, Salaman Storey, 2001). They changed the structure of the Organization but not in such a way as to improve its overall long term effectiveness. This apparent lack of insight concerning the importance of the relationship between structure and internal and external systems and human behaviours displays a restricted understanding of the principles of Organization design. Business process re-engineering was another approach which many adopted during this period as an effective way of improving efficiency and removing bureaucratic structures. But, Mumford and Hendricks (1996) point out, many companies became obsessed with cost cutting and associated staffing reductions and did not consider how best to reorganize and restructure. Also some chief executives used the process to rid themselves of cumbersome bureaucratic chains of command but failed to cede control Mabey, Salaman Storey (2001, p.158) describe this period as one of ‘apparent chaos’ as Organizations also tried out approaches based on networking, outsourcing and notions of virtual forms of Organization. However, they provide an analytical framework which I shall use to describe the different types of structure that still redominate. It offers four main types of structure: bureaucracy, divisionalized structures, strategic business units and ‘de-structured’ forms. Organizational – 21st Century At the end of the 20th century some less traditional forms of organization structure beganto emerge as evidenced by the ‘de-structured’ forms described by Mabey, Salaman Storey (2001). Handy (1990) observes that the old mechanistic systems are everywhere breaking down. Mabey, Salaman Storey (2001) talk of the emergence of a new paradigm for organizational form which seeks to replace the rigidity and cumbersome nature of the traditional form. Ashkenas et al (1995) report on a change in design principles that amounts to a major shift.

Scene Analysis Of America Beauty Film Studies Essay

Scene Analysis Of America Beauty Film Studies Essay American Beauty is a film written by Alan Ball and directed by Sam Mendes in the year 2000. The film is about Lester Burnham , who is searching for happiness. Lester Burnham is an ordinary-looking man in his forties. Lester is in a loveless marriage because his wife, Carolyn Burnham, who thinks that success is the most important thing in life, neglects him due to her obsession to her real estate career. In the film, Lester often mentions that Carolyn doesnt acknowledge him. Lesters daughter, Jane Burnham, is emotionally distant from her father, and often claims how pathetic she thinks Lester is. In the beginning of the film, Lester was told that he was in danger of losing his job. All these factors dramatically culminate into feelings of desperation and vulnerability for him. This begins to change as Lester is introduced to his daughters friend, Angela Hayes. Lester overhears a conversation between Jane and Angela, where Angela states that she would have sex with him if he would star t working-out and building up his body. The thought of having a teenage girl finding Lester hot, excites Lester thus beginning Lesters change throughout the movie (American Beauty, motion picture, 2000). I will be analysing two scenes of this film which I found to be the most significant in terms of how it helped me shape my interpretation of and emotional response to the film. Both scenes involve major turn of events in the film regarding Lester Burnham and I found that the cinematographic qualities of the scenes played a major part in contributing to the movies overall meaning. According to Richard Barsam, cinematography is the process of capturing moving images on film or some other medium (Barsam 2007, p.140). Barsam states that, Although cinematography might seem to exist solely to please our eyes with beautiful images, it is in fact an intricate language that can contribute to a movies overall meaning as much as the story, mise-en-scene, and acting do (Barsam 2007, p.140). This means that the use of the different aspects of cinematography such as lighting, framing, camera angles can help contribute to interpreting the meaning of the film itself. The two cinematographic elements which are mainly used in the scenes include composition and camera movement. Barsam states that the composition element refers to the arrangement of visual elements within a shot (Barsam 2007, p.161). There can be numerous visual elements within a shot. Some of the elements include lighting, shot compositions (long-shot, medium-shot, close-up), and dynamic compositions. Barsam points out that a key component of composition is lighting. The lighting shapes the way the movie looks and helps tell the story (Barsam 2007, p.148). Among its properties are its source, quality, direction and style. Barsam states that the different properties of lighting work together with other elements to determine the overall mood and meaning of a scene (Barsam 2007, p.154). According to Barsam, the second cinematographic element, camera movement, can change the way we see the images because any movement of the camera modifies the different elements of framing. These elements include camera angle, level, height, types of shots and scale (Barsam 2007, p.176). The moving camera opens up cinematic space, and thus filmmakers use it to achieve many effects. Barsam points out that the moving camera leads the viewers eye, or focuses the viewers attention and, by moving into the scene, helps create the illusion of depth in the flat screen image. (Barsam 2007, p.176) The first scene I will be analysing is the scene where Lester first spots Angela. In this scene, Lester and Carolyn decided to support Jane at her school where she was performing a dance at half-time. This scene is significant because it shows how Lester begins to rebel against who he is, as a result of Angelas sexuality. The scene begins with Lester and Carolyn arriving at the basketball game right before Janes performance. Then as the performance begins, almost immediately into the dance routine, Angela is given an upward position in the frame elevated with dynamic composition. It is dynamic composition because there is movement within the fixed frame (Barsam 2007, p.161). By giving Angela an upward position within the frame, it suggests that Lester is taking notice of her. And as the scene continues, Angela has gotten Lesters full attention. Angela is shown moving towards the camera in another dynamic composition shot complemented by the camera zooming in on her. This enhances Ang elas presence and this also gave me an idea as to the degree of attention Lester is giving Angela due to her sexuality. The scene continues with a static composition shot of Lester. According to Barsam, a static composition shot is where there is no movement within the frame, unlike a dynamic composition where there is movement (Barsam 2007, p.161). The camera then begins to zoom in on Lester. As the camera zooms in, the crowd is eliminated and only Lester is shown in the frame. Furthermore, Lesters eyes appears to be bigger than they actually are because of the way the camera is focusing on them. This makes Lester look as though he is drooling over something he desires. At this point, the camera performs a point of view shot showing what Lesters eyes are fixated on, and that is Angela. This again displays the degree of enchantment that Angela has placed over Lester. In Lesters mind, only Angela and himself exists at that moment, and everyone else is filtered out as they are not of any importance to Lester. The scene then concludes with a shot-reverse-shot of Angela and Lester. A shot-reverse-shot is where one character is shown looking at another character (often off-screen), and then the other character is shown looking back at the first character. Since the characters are shown facing in opposite directions, the viewer assumes that they are looking at each other (Yale Film Studies Program 2002). This allowed me to see that in Lesters fantasy, Angela is dancing erotically just for him, giving each other the same amount of attention. Because of the fact the Lester is desiring a girl that is his daughters age, it should be noted that Angela and Lester are never shown in the same frame in the scene as this suggests that there is some barrier in between them. Another technical element which I found that added to the effectiveness of the scene, was the lighting. In the point of view shot from Lesters perspective that showed that he was fixated on Angela, Angela was shown by herself in the frame. And as mentioned above, this is to point out that Lester only has his attention on Angela. The lighting used complemented the shot as the lighting helped to focus my attention on Lesters enlarged eyes and this showed me that he was being enchanted by what he was seeing. Another way the lighting was used in the scene was when Angela was shown alone in the frame and the background in the shot became a lot darker. At the same time, a bright light shined on Angela from above. The lighting in this shot is high contrast and low key. It is high contrast because the difference between the light and darkness is clear. Barsam states that low key lighting is when little or no fill light is used, the ratio between bright illumination and deep shadow is very high (Barsam 2007, p.152). This is shown in the shot because Angelas shadow can be seen behind her and shadows can be seen on the rest of Lesters face, excluding his eyes. I found that lighting contributed quite a lot in this scene. Firstly, I felt that the light shining solely on Angela portrays Angela as the object of Lesters attention. Barsam states that lighting thrown down on a character from above can be used for many different effects, (ie: vulnerability) (Barsam 2007, p.153). In the case of this scene, the light may be portraying the innocence and purity of Angela as she was a virgin throughout the entire film and as light can sometimes be affiliated with good and darkness with bad. The darkness in the background may represent her fake personality where she lies about her sexual experience to the people around her. The darkness surrounding Lester during the close up shots of him may be representing the sexual thoughts he fantasizes about in the scene. And thus the darkness surrounds him throughout the shots of him paying full attention to Angela. The second scene I will be analysing, is the scene towards the end of the film when Lesters fantasies and dreams are about to become reality. This scene is significant because it shows the second turn of events which transforms Lester again, but this time back to the mature person he once was, and also making him realize what it really meant to make him happy. This scene also makes use of composition and camera movement. The scene begins with Lester moving close towards Angela who is lying on the couch. The camera pans right while following Lester. I found this to build up suspense to what would happen next. And as the camera moves to the right, it moves back down. This is a dynamic shot with downward movement. Dynamic because of the movement within the frame and downward movement because the camera moves in a downward movement. According to Barsam, this downward movement implies a negative action (Barsam 2007, p.177). In this case, the negative action is Lesters sexual tendencies towards Angela who is a teenager. Barsam also mentions that the downward movement implies the loss of something (Barsam 2007, p.177). In this case, the loss is of Angelas virginity. The next shot is of Angela appearing at a 45 degree angle in the frame. This is known as a Dutch-angle shot. According to Barsam, a Dutch-angle shot is when the camera is tilted from its normal horizontal and vertical position so that it is no longer straight, giving the viewer the impression that the world in the frame is out of balance (Barsam 2007, p.174). The Dutch-angle accentuates the unnatural nature of the actions in the frame. In this case, it is of the unnatural reaction of Angela, who is about to have a sexual experience for the first time. As the scene continues, the camera pans from left to right and right to left following Lesters hands as they go up and down Angelas body. I found that this intensified the erotic feeling of the scene. In the next shot, the camera moves to a dynamic crane shot, showing Lesters hands unbuttoning Angelas shirt. According to Barsam, a crane shot is a shot made from a camera mounted onto an elevating arm that, in turn, is mounted on a vehicle capable of moving by its own power resulting in it being more flexible due to the freedom of horizontal and vertical movement. The shot is then followed by a shot-reverse shot of Angela and Lester looking at one another. In the scene, Angela was given the low angle shot, looking up at Lester. Barsam states that a low-angle shot is made with the camera below the action and typically places the observer in the position of feeling helpless in the presence of a superior force (Barsam 2007, 171). In other words, a low-angle shot emphasizes anxiety, fear and vulnerability. The fact that Angela is looking up at Lester also implies that Lester is in control. However, I noticed during the crane shots, Angelas position in the frame is always higher than Les ters. In a way, this implies that she is pure and innocent because good elements are usually given a higher position over bad elements (eg: Heaven up, Hell down). In the next shot, Angela reveals to Lester that she is a virgin. At this point, the shot goes back to Lester, who is in a Dutch-angle shot smiles and asks if Angela was kidding. The reason for the Dutch-angle shot is because Lester has realized what he was doing was unnatural. After this shot, is the second major turning point in Lesters transformation, where he finally realizes after all this while, that being lustful for a teenager wasnt what it meant to be happy. The lighting technique used in this scene seemed to portray the light and darkness symbolic meaning that was mentioned above. Throughout the entire scene, there was always a light shining down on Angela but Lester was always kept in darkness. And with composition of Angelas white shirt and the soft light shining on it emphasizing the white colour of the shirt, the light represents purity and innocence because Angela is a virgin. Whereas, the darkness that surrounds Lester, and the minimal lighting shining on his hands as he moves his hands up and down Angelas body represents the impurity of his actions. The lighting used throughout this scene was low contrast and low key. Low contrast because the lighting used was dim and rather gray. In the final shots of the scene, the lighting used were low contrast and low key as well because that implies a sense of mystery. As a viewer, although Lester had come to realize what it meant to achieve happiness, there was something which kept me wondering what would happen. And true enough, the film ended with Lester getting killed. Throughout the film, there were many more cinematographic elements used which emphasized the personalities and characteristics of each character such as high-angle shots, the use of short-focal-length lenses and Long takes. However, because I interpreted the movie as Lesters transformations through being reborn, I found that the cinematographic qualities used in the two scenes I analysed to be the most significant in my interpretation of and emotional response to American Beauty.

Article Analysis - Gun Control :: Constituton Bill Rights Right To Bear Arms

Article Analysis - Gun Control The article, Taking Aim at Gun Control by Daniel D. Polsby and Dennis Brennen was written October 30, 1995 for the Heartland Executive Summary. The article deals with current gun control issues, and uses both statistical information, and emotional ideology to convince you of the authors’ opinion. The article is broken down into five sub topics, that are each supported by statistical information. In the first sub topic the main heading claims, "There is no relationship between the number of privately owned guns and the amount of violent crime in the United States." It is then supported with the statistics that gun ownership has increased by forty-five percent, and the homicide rate fell by ten percent. The article also quotes various studies taken from criminologists, such as Gary Kleck and E. Britt Patterson. The authors tend to begin their argument with factual information. They then use that information to cultivate their emotional argument. This can be seen in each of the sub topics. The first three topics, "There is no relationship between the number of privately owned guns and the amount of violent crimes in the United States," "There is no relationship between gun control laws and violent crime," and "Data from the City of Chicago cast further doubt on the effectiveness of gun control laws," use studies and statistics to prove their point. The last two sub topics, "Why do gun control laws fail?" and "What do we do about crime and violence?", offer the authors’ emotional argument. This is the section of the article where the true opinion of the two authors is seen. They sum up their beliefs, with what they consider to be a better solution to improving society without gun control. They suggest that by educating the public on proper gun safety and handling, fewer people would be hurt. It is also their belief that by making guns more accessible to responsible citizens, criminals would be less likely to commit acts of violence. They speculate that an armed society would be able to prevent criminals from perpetrating a crime before it is even committed.

Understanding Social Perception & Managing Diversity

Understanding Social Perception & Managing Diversity Perception can and is influenced by a number of different things whether from the things that is read, seen on television, or simply from what we retain from family and friends. The way that perception is interpreted determines how we perceive people or our surrounding. Steve Harvey film and book Act like a Lady Think like a Man elaborates on how the perception between genders, as well as the diversity that distinguishes the communication barriers between men and women and helps to break down that barrier.In the text Organizational Dynamics and Human Behavior (second edition) major component of social perception and the Kelley’s Model of Attribution are reflected in Act like a Lady Think like a Man and will be elaborated on how it all relates throughout our discussion. Act like a Lady Think like a Man shines light on how men and women perception of the opposite gender is totally different. A woman may view all men in a n egative light based off of one negative out come and a man will put every woman in the same category based off of what a woman requires. With both genders categorizing each other the text refers to this as stereotyping.Stereotyping occurs when individuals are placed into categories. For example Act like a Lady Think like a Man placed men in to the different categories Momma’s Boy which is a man who has yet to let go of his mother and tend to his woman, then there is the non committer who is a man who is not willing to go to the next phase which is marriage, the dreamer who will not just focus on accomplishing one task at a time but doesn’t seem to know what and how to implement his plan, and then there is the player who just simply will not commit to anyone due to the desire and challenge in playing the game.Act like a Lady Think like a Man is a guide for women to understand how to perceive men. Steve Harvey has simplified by encoding the males perception of a females, which means he has created a mental representation on how the male mind works (kinicki, 2009, p. 64). In Act like a Lady Think like a Man Lauren was a successful young female CEO of a Major company who wanted a man who is on her level or higher which she believed would make them more compatible in a relationship.Lauren knew what she wanted in a man and received it all but soon came to realize that her dream guy wasn’t what she needed. She met a dreamer Dominic who made her happy with the little things that cause her to reflect back on the different occurrences and share with friends how much this individual made her happy even though he did not possess the required traits she looked for initially. Event memory is containing information for specific events and general events, as well as personal memory which contains information of a single individual or group ((kinicki, 2009, pg. 6). Lauren had to make a judgment call on what she wanted. Was it going to be her happiness with a gentlemen that had potential to be what she wanted or was she going to sacrifice her happiness for status. This was the retrieval process that is retrieved from the memory to make a decision. When a man approaches you you're the one with total control over the situation-whether he can talk to you, buy you a drink, dance with you, get your number, take you home, see you again, all of that.The woman is in control from the start. For the non committer he doesn’t feel the necessary urge to go to the next phase because the woman does not require it of him, by giving him the perception that you are content in with the current status. This relates to managerial implication through both a performance appraisal and the leadership aspect. Performance appraisal determines good versus poor performance through motivation and commitment and loyalty.Act like a Lady Think like a Man, Kristin realized that her boyfriend the non committer of nine years wasn’t willing to go to the nex t phase of their lives because she didn’t require anything from him so he displayed no willingness to want more. Leadership is when you lead by example. Kristin then began to make changes by encouraging him to want to apply for a better job and by just simply change the environment of their home through redecorating.Act like a Lady Think like a Man indicated that a woman can find all kinds of deficiencies in themselves-â€Å"I didn't do this right,† â€Å"I wasn't good enough,† â€Å"I didn't love him the way I should,† â€Å"she came in here and outperformed me† (Harvey). Women need to reframe from placing the blame of the man's actions on themselves. By holding on to that weight can be hindering for future encounters. Steve Harvey said, â€Å"You simply cannot drive forward if you're focused on what's happening in the rearview mirror. † Causal attributions is constantly formulating cause and affect explanations for our own and others behav ior (kinicki, 2009, pg. 8). Kelley’s Model of Attributions proposes that behavior can be attributed either to internal factors within a person or external factors within the environment (kinicki, 2009, pg. 69). Consensus involves a caparison of an individual’s behavior with that of his or her peers. In Act like a Lady Think like a Man the men were easily influenced by what the others were doing or would say about them. The men would go to play basketball every Thursday and out for a night cap afterwards if one were to attempt to stray from the usual the group would instantly began to place judgment instead of being excepting of prior plans.External factors are behaviors caused by environmental characteristics. Men are more concerned on how their surrounding perceives them and their status. Women want their love to be reciprocated in the same way they give it where as men will reciprocate their love only to the one that feel is deserving of their love. A man is not just going to provide and share his love with just anyone he has to know that you are the one. Women should expect that a man will pay for your dinner, movie, and more in exchange for her time.Men view women who expect this type of treatment as a gold digger, which is someone who is just after the contender with the most. Diversity represents the multitude of individual’s differences and similarities that exist amongst people. In Act like a Woman Think like a Man diversity is reflected in the way that men and women carry themselves, communication styles, and perception of one another. In conclusion Act like a Woman Think like a Man relates to diversity and perception between genders.Diversity highlight how different the thought patterns are but all how it is similar also. Although men are not as open and expressive as women we are all looking for the same things from each other. The perception on how the information is process is totally different but that’s what makes a r elationship or organization success is the differences. Act like a Woman Think like a Man helps to understand diversity and perception from a relationship status and through a male’s point of view on where women need help on understanding the male species.Just like an organization has standards and employees respect them women should have standards also. â€Å"Men respect standards get some,† Steve Harvey (Harvey).References Kinicki, A. and Kreitner. R. (2009). Organizational dynamics and human behavior. (Second ed. , pp. 64-70). New York: McGraw Hill. Harvey, S. (2009). Act like a lady, think like a man. New York: HarperCollins Publishers. Harvey, S. (n. d. ). Goodreads. Retrieved from www. goodreads. com/author/quotes/206062. Steve_Harvey Story, T. (Director) (2012). Think like a man [Theater]. (Story, 2012)